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<td nowrap="true" class="pageTitle">活动：管理不断变化的需求</td><td width="100%">
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<td valign="top">此活动的目的是管理需求变更并评估变更的总体影响。</td>
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<td valign="top">扩展：<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/manage_changing_requirements_FF6AC18D.html" guid="{28B39D62-9D73-4254-9CB8-26CFA737D45E}">管理不断变化的需求</a></td>
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<td class="activeTab" width="10"><img title="" alt="" height="17" width="10" src="./../../images/shim.gif"></td><td class="activeTab" nowrap>描述</td><td width="21"><img title="" alt="" align="absmiddle" height="17" width="21" src="./../../images/tab_middle-a_i.gif"></td><td class="tab" nowrap><a id="TAB_WBS" class="tab" href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/manage_changing_requirements_E2D15960.html_wbs.html"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">工作分解结构</span></a></td><td width="1"><img title="" alt="" align="absmiddle" height="17" width="21" src="./../../images/tab_middle-i_i.gif"></td><td class="tab" nowrap><a id="TAB_TBS" class="tab" href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/manage_changing_requirements_E2D15960.html_tbs.html"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">团队分配</span></a></td><td width="21"><img title="" alt="" align="absmiddle" height="17" width="21" src="./../../images/tab_middle-i_i.gif"></td><td class="tab" nowrap><a id="TAB_WPBS" class="tab" href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/manage_changing_requirements_E2D15960.html_wpbs.html"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">工作产品使用</span></a></td><td width="21"><img title="" alt="" height="17" width="21" src="./../../images/tab_end-i.gif"></td><td width="50%"><img title="" alt="" height="17" width="10" src="./../../images/shim.gif"></td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">用途</div>
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<td class="sectionTableSingleCell">此活动的目的是评估所请求的变更对需求的影响，并管理已批准实施的变更的后续影响。</td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">关系</div>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">父代活动</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
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<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/ongoing_management_and_support_46A101AD.html" guid="_MiAAUSJaEdqQipbmJ0SDbw">进行中的管理和支持</a>
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<div class="sectionHeading">描述</div>
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    此活动的用途是：
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    <li>
        评估所请求的变更并确定其对现有<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_software_requirement_32CECE14.html" guid="{BB502500-EEEC-4BDE-8697-186666D6D5B3}">软件需求</a>的影响。
    </li>
    <li>
        构造<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_usecase_model_EF15E534.html" guid="{9C66F2EC-EDEB-4369-9AFB-04B9E7CBCB8E}">用例模型</a>，以改进<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_usecase_A5D30E62.html" guid="{B1526BC5-E346-42CB-A08A-3C0D7F382407}">用例</a>中记录的需求的整体管理。
    </li>
    <li>
        管理对<img alt="" src="./../../images/no_rup.gif">&#160;<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../pages_not_installed/pages_not_installed.html" guid="{D0E2E7A1-4179-470E-AA18-419D5FEA275D}">需求属性</a>和<img alt="" src="./../../images/no_rup.gif">&#160;<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../pages_not_installed/pages_not_installed.html" guid="1.4005695544042474E-306">可跟踪性关系</a>的更改。&nbsp;&nbsp;
    </li>
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        在实施更改之后，验证需求工作的结果与客户的系统视图一致。
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    需求变更必然会影响下游工件（例如，分析和设计工作产品、测试工作产品、部署工件等）。在<img alt="" src="./../../images/no_rup.gif">&#160;<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../pages_not_installed/pages_not_installed.html" guid="{7F42C4D6-584F-4B19-9B0B-FDE86BD85FBB}">管理依赖关系</a>期间确定并记录的<img alt="" src="./../../images/no_rup.gif">&#160;<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../pages_not_installed/pages_not_installed.html" guid="1.4005695544042474E-306">可跟踪性</a>关系明确地定义了需求和其他工作产品之间的关系。这些关系是理解需求变更影响的关键。
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<div class="sectionHeading">属性</div>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading" id="property_事件驱动" abbr="事件驱动">事件驱动</th><td align="left" class="sectionTableCell" headers="property_事件驱动"><img title="Yes" alt="Yes" height="15" width="20" src="./../../images/true.gif"></td>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading" id="property_多次出现" abbr="多次出现">多次出现</th><td align="left" class="sectionTableCell" headers="property_多次出现"><img title="" alt="" height="15" width="20" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading" id="property_正在进行" abbr="正在进行">正在进行</th><td align="left" class="sectionTableCell" headers="property_正在进行"><img title="" alt="" height="15" width="20" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading" id="property_已计划" abbr="已计划">已计划</th><td align="left" class="sectionTableCell" headers="property_已计划"><img title="" alt="" height="15" width="20" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading" id="property_可重复" abbr="可重复">可重复</th><td align="left" class="sectionTableCell" headers="property_可重复"><img title="" alt="" height="15" width="20" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">人员配备</div>
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    涉及到扩展团队（<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/roles/rup_stakeholder_1011D446.html" guid="{7A4262EA-AB5B-431E-BB4A-3822FBF7F239}">项目干系人</a>：客户代表、领域专家和其他人员）。    将软件项目团队中工作受到变更影响的任何人员加入作为<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/roles/rup_technical_reviewer_81F699C8.html" guid="{0319C70C-35C9-4190-94F0-E7E5E9216CA0}">技术复审员</a>。请谨慎而有效地管理您的复审资源。不要包括整个扩展团队，除非您能确保它对项目增值。</p>
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    扩展团队应当相当了解问题域、项目的技术难题，并具有需求管理和<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/use-case_model_CC121CF4.html" guid="1.7617672560167394E-305">用例建模</a>方面的技能。
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<div class="sectionHeading">使用</div>
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    只要优化需求，就应执行该活动。
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    定期复审以及需求属性和相关性的更新，应在需求更新时进行。
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    建议您为先启和精化阶段中的每次迭代安排一次<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_usecase_model_EF15E534.html" guid="{9C66F2EC-EDEB-4369-9AFB-04B9E7CBCB8E}">用例模型</a>的复审，以复审正在进行的工作，这是在详细地开发任何<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_usecase_A5D30E62.html" guid="{B1526BC5-E346-42CB-A08A-3C0D7F382407}">用例</a>之前就已完成并由用户签署确认的，而且这是非常重要的里程碑，这样就不会在开发不正确的用例上浪费资源。然后，在“精化”阶段结束时，您应该安排对用例模型的详细复审。请记住，在精化阶段结束时，您应该具有一个用例模型，可能还具有完成了
    80% 的、代表<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_glossary_A5D79A0C.html" guid="{3BF8CC04-9101-47A4-9473-C8205EA588B6}">词汇表</a>的领域模型。您还应该在优化用例模型时在构造和移交阶段为每次迭代安排一次用例模型复审。复审应该集中在正在为迭代开发的那部分用例模型。
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<div class="sectionHeading">关键注意事项</div>
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    核心开发团队应开展几轮内部复审：先通过粗查来清除不必要的不一致情况，然后由扩展团队更正式地检查和复审该团队的工作。
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    应将材料划分开来，这样团队就不会一次性复审所有材料了。复审会议不应超过一天。例如，可以单独复审用户界面和行为场景，也可以复审与给定子系统相关的所有需求工件。
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    另一个重要注意事项是跟踪需求历史记录。通过捕获需求变更的本质和理由，<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/roles/rup_reviewer_19930772.html" guid="{638E0897-F63B-444C-8178-D05224689DE7}">复审人员</a>接收到正确应对变更所需的信息。
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